思维的8层境界，你在哪一层？
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='text-align: center; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; font-size: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 30%;box-sizing: border-box;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;'></span></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='font-size: 11px;color: rgb(249, 110, 87);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;'>问道数学|美丽思考</p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;'></span></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 0px;border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(160, 160, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 15px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;'><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 2.5; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'>作者 | 梁漱溟</p><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'>来源丨在中山大学哲学系的演讲</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; font-family: 微软雅黑; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section data-id="85882" data-tools="135编辑器" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: currentcolor;'><section style='padding-right: 20px; padding-bottom: 40px; padding-left: 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 3px; display: inline-block; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 169, 0); font-size: 24px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>荐读</span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; line-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span data-brushtype="text" style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p></section><section style='margin-top: -90px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34);'><section style='margin: -5px 5px; padding: 90px 30px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-right: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34); border-left: 1px solid rgb(33, 33, 34);'><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>今天，越来越多的人认识到，学习最重要的目标并不是掌握一些特定的知识，而是发展审辩式思维（critical thinking）。</span><br></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;'>怎样进行思考？怎样提高自己的思维层次和水平？对此，著名的思想家、哲学家、教育家、国学大师梁漱溟先生有所体悟，1928年他在广州中山大学演讲，系统阐述了他的看法，值得我们细细品味。</span></p></section></section></section></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><blockquote data-author="Wxeditor" style='margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: currentcolor; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 25.6px; font-size: 22px; display: inline-block;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 169, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>「</span></strong></section><section style='margin-right: 5px; margin-left: 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5em; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 169, 33); line-height: 1.5em; letter-spacing: 8px; font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); line-height: 21px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>正文<br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></strong></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 25.6px; font-size: 22px; display: inline-block;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 169, 33); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>」</span></strong></section></section></blockquote><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>哲学不是人人所能够学得的。没有哲学天才的人，便不配学哲学；如果他要勉强去学，就学一辈子，也得不到一点结果。哲学这项学问，只是少数人所能享的一种权利，是和艺术一样全要靠天才才能成功，与科学完全不同。学科学的人，只要肯用功，多花些时间，总可学个大致不差。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>与科学不同，学哲学不仅要有天才，并且还要下功夫，才有成功的希望。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>哲学所研究的问题，近在眼前，又远在天边。寻常随处遇到，深远难知究竟。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>因此，各种科学都有进步，独哲学自古迄今不见进步。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>实则哲学问题并非没有进步，只是进步无法与人共享。科学问题的解决可以摆出外面与人共见，哲学问题的解决每存于个人主观，不能与人以共见。古人早都解决，而后人只能从头追问。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 169, 0); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>哲学的进步不存于正面，而在负面，即指示“此路不通”。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>我不但从未动过研究哲学的念头，而且根本未曾动过求学问的念头。走上现在这条路，只是因为我喜欢提问题。大约从十四岁开始，总有问题占据在我的心里，从一个问题转入另一个问题，一直想如何解答，解答不完就欲罢不能，就一路走了下来。提得出问题，然后想要解决它，这大概是做学问的起点吧。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>为什么会不断有问题？这是由于我很容易感觉到事理之矛盾，或者很容易感觉到没有道理，或者看到两个以上的道理。当我觉出有两个道理的时候，我即失了主见，便不知要哪样才好。眼前有了两个道理或更多的道理，心中便没了道理，很是不安，却又丢不开，如是就占住了脑海。或许学问大都以这种感觉为起点吧。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>所谓学问，就是对问题说得出道理，有自己的想法。想法似乎人人都是有的，但又等于没有。因为大多数人的头脑杂乱无章，人云亦云，对于不同的观点意见，他都点头称是，等于没有想法。</span></p><section data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; line-height: 27.2px; widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>1</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第一层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>形成主见</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section data-id="86270"><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>用心想一个问题，便会对这个问题有主见，形成自己的判断。</span><br></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif;'>说是主见，称之为偏见亦可。我们的主见也许是很浅薄的，但即使浅薄，也终究是你自己的意见。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>什么是哲学的道理？就是偏见！有所见便将之视为普遍的道理，因执于其所见而极端地排斥旁人的意见，不承认有两个或两个以上的道理。美其名曰主见亦可，斥之曰偏见亦可。何谓学问？有主见就是学问！学问不学问，并不在读书之多少。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>大家不要被以往的哲学家吓住。我们的主见也许是很浅薄，但浅薄亦好，要知虽浅薄也还是我的。许多哲学家的哲学也很浅，就因为浅，便很行。胡适之先生的哲学很浅，亦很行。因为这是他自己的，纵然不高深，却是心得，而亲切有味。所以说出来便能够动人，能动人就行了！他就能自成一派，其他人不行，就是因为其他人连浅薄的哲学都没有。</span></p><p><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>2</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第二层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> 未能解释的事情</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p></section></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>没有学问的人并非肚里没有道理，脑里没有理论，而是心里没有问题。将古今中外的哲学都学了，道理有了一大堆，问题却没有一个，就成了莫可奈何的绝物。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>有主见，才有你自己；有自己，才有旁人，才会发觉前后左右都是与我意见不同的人。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>这时候，你感觉到种种冲突，种种矛盾，种种没有道理，又种种都是道理。于是就不得不第二步地用心思。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>面对各种问题，你自己说不出道理，不甘心随便跟着人家说，也不敢轻易自信，这时你就走上求学问的正确道路了。</span></p><p><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></p><p style='text-align: center; margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 401px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>3</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第三层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>融会贯通</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>从此以后，前人的主张、今人的言论，你不会轻易放过，稍有与自己不同处，便知道加以注意。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>你看到与自己想法相同的，感到亲切；看到与自己想法不同的，感到隔膜。有不同，就非求解决不可；有隔膜，就非求了解不可。于是，古人今人所曾用过的心思，慢慢融汇到你自己。你最初的一点主见，成为以后大学问的萌芽。从这点萌芽，你才可以吸收养料，才可以向上生枝发叶，向下入土生根。待得上边枝叶扶疏，下边根深蒂固，学问便成了。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>这是读书唯一正确的方法，不然读书也没用处。会读书的人说话时，说他自己的话，不堆砌名词，不旁征博引；反之，引书越多的人越不会读书。 </span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(79, 79, 79); letter-spacing: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 464px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>4</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第四层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>知不足</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p></section></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>古人说“学然后知不足”，真是不错。只怕你不用心，用心之后，就知道要虚心了。自己当初一点见解之浮浅，不足以解决问题。</span><br></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>学问的进步，不单是见解有进步，还表现在你的心思头脑锻炼得精密了，心气态度锻炼得谦虚了。心虚思密是求学的必要条件。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>最不好的毛病是说自家都懂。问你，柏拉图懂吗？懂。佛家懂吗？懂。儒家懂吗？懂。老子、阳明也懂；康德、罗素、柏格森……全懂得。说起来都像自家熟人一般。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>对于前人之学，总不要说自己都懂。因为自己觉得不懂，就可以除去一切浮见，完全虚心地先求了解它。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>一种常见的毛病是：自己头脑简单，却说人家头脑简单；自己粗浅，却看人家粗浅。想当然地对别人批评攻击。可以说是有意无意地栽赃。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>与此类人相反，遇到不同的意见思想，我总疑心对方比我高明，疑心对方他必有我所未及的见闻，不然，他何以不和我作同样判断呢？疑心他必有精思深悟过于我，不然，何以我所见如此而他所见如彼呢？</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>两句话希望大家常常存记在心，第一，“担心他的出乎我之外”；第二，“担心我的出乎他之下”。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>我二十岁的时候，先走入佛家的思想，后来又走到儒家的思想。因为自己非常担心的缘故，才去留意人家对佛家儒家的批评，才去努力了解西洋的道理。</span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>5</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第五层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>化繁为简</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p></section></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>辨察愈密，追究愈深，零碎的知识，片段的见解,都没有了；心里全是一贯的系统，整个的组织。如此，就可以算成功了。到了这时候，才能以简御繁，才可以学问多而不觉得多。</span><br></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>凡有系统的思想，在心里都很简单，仿佛只有一两句话。凡是大哲学家皆没有许多话说，总不过一两句。很复杂很沉重的宇宙，在他手心里是异常轻松的——所谓举重若轻。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>学问家如说肩背上负着多沉重的学问，那是不对的；如说当初觉得有什么，现在才晓得原来没有什么，那就对了。道理越看得明透，越觉得无话可说，还是一点不说的好。心里明白，口里讲不出来。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>反过来说，学问浅的人说话愈多，思想不清楚的人名词越多。让一个没有学问的人看见，真要把他吓坏了！其实道理明透了，名词便可用，可不用，或随意拾用。</span></p><section data-id="2642" class="" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(79, 79, 79); letter-spacing: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></p><p style='text-align: center; margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 383px !important;'></span></p><h3 class="" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></h3><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>6</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第六层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>运用自如</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>有无学问在于能否解决问题。比方学武术的十八般武艺都学会了，表演起来五花八门很像个样。等到打仗对敌，叫他抡刀上阵，却发现一套武艺都白学了。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>如果不能解决问题，那学问必是没到家。如果学问已经通了，就可以解决问题。真学问的人，学问可以完全归自己运用。假学问的人，学问在他的手里完全不会用。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(79, 79, 79); letter-spacing: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>7</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第七层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>一览众山小</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; line-height: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p></section></section></section><section data-id="2642" class="" style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 27.2px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>学问里面的甘苦都尝过了，再看旁人的见解主张，其中得失长短都能够看出来。这个浅薄，那个到家，这个是什么分数，那个是什么程度，都知道得很清楚；因为自己从前也是这样，一切深浅精粗的层次都曾经过。</span><br></p><p><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section class="" style='padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>0</span><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'>8</span><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="" data-color="#cc0000" data-custom="#cc0000" style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial;'><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>第八层境界</strong></span></p><p style='margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>晶莹通透</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p></section></section><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>思精理熟之后，心里就没有一点不透的了，讲出的每一句话都非常的晶亮透辟。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'>如果大家按照我的方法去做功夫，循此以求，不急不懈，持之以恒者，则祛俗解蔽，未尝不可积渐以进。</span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1; letter-spacing: 0.544px;'><br></span></p><p style='margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;'>至于我个人，于学问实说不上。</span></p></section><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>上述八层，前四层诚然是我用功的路径；后四层，往最好里说，亦不过庶几望见之耳——只是望见，非能实有诸己。少时妄想做事立功而菲薄学问；二三十岁稍有深思，亦殊草率；近年问题益转入实际的具体的国家社会问题上来。心思之用又别有所在。</span></p><p style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; font-family: "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); widows: 1; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-family: 微软雅黑, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>末了，我要向诸位郑重声明的：我始终不是学问中人，也不是事功中人。我想了许久，我是什么人？我大概是问题中人！</span></p><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'><br></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;'></span></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'><br style='box-sizing: border-box;'></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(250, 250, 239);box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;'><section class="V5" style='box-sizing: border-box;' powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style='margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; box-sizing: border-box;'><section style='color: rgb(62, 62, 62); letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 2.5; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;'><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'>作者简介：</p><p style='box-sizing: border-box;'>梁漱溟，原名焕鼎，字寿铭。中国著名的思想家、哲学家、教育家、社会活动家、国学大师、爱国民主人士，主要研究人生问题和社会问题，现代新儒家的早期代表人物之一，有“中国最后一位大儒家”之称。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p>转载声明：本文转载自「imath」，权利归原作者，搜索「imath365」即可关注，[<a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1RDNrtstSuYV2XuNQe6DFw">阅读原文</a>]。</p></div><p></p>
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